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    <li class="nav-header no-margin-top">
      <div class="ttip" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="The date that this version of indirect was released.">
      <span class="relatize">08 Jul 2019 11:56:40 UTC</span>
    </li>
  <li>
    Distribution: <a href="https://metacpan.org/dist/indirect">indirect</a>
  </li>
  <li>
    Module version: 0.39
  </li>
  <li>
    <a data-keyboard-shortcut="g s" href="https://metacpan.org/dist/indirect/source/lib/indirect.pm">Source</a>
    (<a href="https://metacpan.org/dist/indirect/source/lib/indirect.pm?raw=1">raw</a>)
  </li>
  <li>
    <a data-keyboard-shortcut="g b" href="https://metacpan.org/dist/indirect/source/lib">Browse</a>
    (<a href="https://metacpan.org/dist/indirect/source/lib?raw=1">raw</a>)
  </li>
    <li>
      <a data-keyboard-shortcut="g c" href="https://metacpan.org/dist/indirect/changes">Changes</a>
    </li>
    <li>
      <a rel="noopener nofollow" class="nopopup" href="http://search.cpan.org/dist/indirect/">Homepage</a>
    </li>
    <li>
      <a class="nopopup" href="https://metacpan.org/dist/indirect/contribute">How to Contribute</a>
    </li>
    <li>
        <a rel="noopener nofollow" href="http://git.vpit.fr/?p=perl%2Fmodules%2Findirect.git">Clone  repository</a>
    </li>
    <li>
      <a rel="noopener nofollow" data-keyboard-shortcut="g i" href="http://rt.cpan.org/Dist/Display.html?Name=indirect">Issues</a>
      (4)
    </li>
    <li>
      <a rel="noopener nofollow" href="http://matrix.cpantesters.org/?dist=indirect+0.39" title="Matrix">Testers</a>
        <span title="(pass / fail / na)">(<a rel="noopener nofollow" href="https://www.cpantesters.org/distro/i/indirect.html?oncpan=1&amp;distmat=1&amp;version=0.39&amp;grade=2" style="color: #090">8845</a> / <a rel="noopener nofollow" href="https://www.cpantesters.org/distro/i/indirect.html?oncpan=1&amp;distmat=1&amp;version=0.39&amp;grade=3" style="color: #900">41</a> / <a rel="noopener nofollow" href="https://www.cpantesters.org/distro/i/indirect.html?oncpan=1&amp;distmat=1&amp;version=0.39&amp;grade=4">0</a>)</span>
    </li>
    <li>
      <a rel="noopener nofollow" href="http://cpants.cpanauthors.org/release/VPIT/indirect-0.39">Kwalitee</a>
    </li>
    <li>
      <div class="ttip" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="The # people with an indexing permission on indirect who have released something to CPAN in the last 2 years (i.e. the # people likely able to release critical fixes in a timely manner)">
      Bus factor: 1
      </div>
    </li>
    <li>
      <a rel="noopener nofollow" href="http://cpancover.com/latest/indirect-0.39/index.html">% Coverage </a>
    </li>
    <li>
      License: perl_5
    </li>
    <li>
      Perl: v5.8.1
    </li>
    <li class="nav-header">Activity</li>
    <li>
<div class="activity-graph">
    <img src="https://metacpan.org/dist/indirect/activity.svg?res=month" />
    <div class="comment">24 month</div>
</div>
    </li>
    <li class="nav-header">Tools</li>
    <li>
      <a itemprop="downloadUrl" href="https://cpan.metacpan.org/authors/id/V/VP/VPIT/indirect-0.39.tar.gz">
      Download (<span itemprop="fileSize">51.01KB</span>)</a>
    </li>
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      <a href="https://explorer.metacpan.org/?url=%2Fmodule%2FVPIT%2Findirect-0.39%2Flib%2Findirect.pm">
        MetaCPAN Explorer
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      <a href="https://metacpan.org/dist/indirect/permissions">
        Permissions
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        Subscribe to distribution
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    </li>
    <li class="version-jump">
<select onchange="document.location.href=&#39;/release/&#39;+this.value+&#39;/view/lib/indirect.pm&#39;" class="form-control tool-bar-form">
  <option disabled selected>Jump to version</option>
<option
  disabled
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.39"
>0.39
  (VPIT on 2019-07-08)</option>
<optgroup label="BackPAN">'
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.38"
>0.38
  (VPIT on 2017-11-04)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.37"
>0.37
  (VPIT on 2016-07-12)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.36"
>0.36
  (VPIT on 2015-07-17)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.35"
>0.35
  (VPIT on 2015-04-06)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.34"
>0.34
  (VPIT on 2015-04-02)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.33"
>0.33
  (VPIT on 2014-09-29)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.32"
>0.32
  (VPIT on 2014-09-21)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.31"
>0.31
  (VPIT on 2013-09-05)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.30"
>0.30
  (VPIT on 2013-05-16)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.29"
>0.29
  (VPIT on 2013-03-05)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.28"
>0.28
  (VPIT on 2013-02-26)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.27"
>0.27
  (VPIT on 2013-01-30)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.26"
>0.26
  (VPIT on 2011-10-23)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.25"
>0.25
  (VPIT on 2011-08-24)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.24"
>0.24
  (VPIT on 2011-07-17)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.23"
>0.23
  (VPIT on 2010-10-03)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.22"
>0.22
  (VPIT on 2010-08-16)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.21"
>0.21
  (VPIT on 2010-05-31)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.20"
>0.20
  (VPIT on 2010-04-18)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.19"
>0.19
  (VPIT on 2009-08-28)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.18"
>0.18
  (VPIT on 2009-08-23)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.17"
>0.17
  (VPIT on 2009-07-16)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.16"
>0.16
  (VPIT on 2009-07-14)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.15"
>0.15
  (VPIT on 2009-07-08)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.14"
>0.14
  (VPIT on 2009-06-04)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.13"
>0.13
  (VPIT on 2009-05-24)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.12"
>0.12
  (VPIT on 2009-05-03)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.11"
>0.11
  (VPIT on 2009-02-08)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.10"
>0.10
  (VPIT on 2009-01-17)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.09_01"
>0.09_01 DEV
  (VPIT on 2008-12-08)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.09"
>0.09
  (VPIT on 2008-12-05)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.08"
>0.08
  (VPIT on 2008-10-22)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.07_03"
>0.07_03 DEV
  (VPIT on 2008-10-17)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.07_02"
>0.07_02 DEV
  (VPIT on 2008-10-15)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.07_01"
>0.07_01 DEV
  (VPIT on 2008-10-15)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.06"
>0.06
  (VPIT on 2008-10-11)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.05"
>0.05
  (VPIT on 2008-10-02)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.04"
>0.04
  (VPIT on 2008-08-30)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.03"
>0.03
  (VPIT on 2008-08-12)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.02"
>0.02
  (VPIT on 2008-08-11)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.01"
>0.01
  (VPIT on 2008-08-10)</option>
</optgroup>
</select>
    </li>
    <li class="version-diff">
<select onchange="document.location.href='/release/VPIT/indirect-0.39/diff/' + encodeURIComponent(this.value) + '/lib/indirect.pm'
" class="form-control tool-bar-form">
  <option disabled selected>Diff with version</option>
<option
  disabled
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.39"
>0.39
  (VPIT on 2019-07-08)</option>
<optgroup label="BackPAN">'
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.38"
>0.38
  (VPIT on 2017-11-04)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.37"
>0.37
  (VPIT on 2016-07-12)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.36"
>0.36
  (VPIT on 2015-07-17)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.35"
>0.35
  (VPIT on 2015-04-06)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.34"
>0.34
  (VPIT on 2015-04-02)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.33"
>0.33
  (VPIT on 2014-09-29)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.32"
>0.32
  (VPIT on 2014-09-21)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.31"
>0.31
  (VPIT on 2013-09-05)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.30"
>0.30
  (VPIT on 2013-05-16)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.29"
>0.29
  (VPIT on 2013-03-05)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.28"
>0.28
  (VPIT on 2013-02-26)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.27"
>0.27
  (VPIT on 2013-01-30)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.26"
>0.26
  (VPIT on 2011-10-23)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.25"
>0.25
  (VPIT on 2011-08-24)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.24"
>0.24
  (VPIT on 2011-07-17)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.23"
>0.23
  (VPIT on 2010-10-03)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.22"
>0.22
  (VPIT on 2010-08-16)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.21"
>0.21
  (VPIT on 2010-05-31)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.20"
>0.20
  (VPIT on 2010-04-18)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.19"
>0.19
  (VPIT on 2009-08-28)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.18"
>0.18
  (VPIT on 2009-08-23)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.17"
>0.17
  (VPIT on 2009-07-16)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.16"
>0.16
  (VPIT on 2009-07-14)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.15"
>0.15
  (VPIT on 2009-07-08)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.14"
>0.14
  (VPIT on 2009-06-04)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.13"
>0.13
  (VPIT on 2009-05-24)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.12"
>0.12
  (VPIT on 2009-05-03)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.11"
>0.11
  (VPIT on 2009-02-08)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.10"
>0.10
  (VPIT on 2009-01-17)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.09_01"
>0.09_01 DEV
  (VPIT on 2008-12-08)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.09"
>0.09
  (VPIT on 2008-12-05)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.08"
>0.08
  (VPIT on 2008-10-22)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.07_03"
>0.07_03 DEV
  (VPIT on 2008-10-17)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.07_02"
>0.07_02 DEV
  (VPIT on 2008-10-15)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.07_01"
>0.07_01 DEV
  (VPIT on 2008-10-15)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.06"
>0.06
  (VPIT on 2008-10-11)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.05"
>0.05
  (VPIT on 2008-10-02)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.04"
>0.04
  (VPIT on 2008-08-30)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.03"
>0.03
  (VPIT on 2008-08-12)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.02"
>0.02
  (VPIT on 2008-08-11)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.01"
>0.01
  (VPIT on 2008-08-10)</option>
</optgroup>
</select>
    </li>

    <li>
<ul class="dependencies">
  <li class="nav-header">Dependencies</li>
  <li><a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/Carp" title="Carp" class="ellipsis">Carp</a></li>
  <li><a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/XSLoader" title="XSLoader" class="ellipsis">XSLoader</a></li>
  <li><i class="ttip" title="dynamic_config enabled">and possibly others</i></li>
  <li>
    <hr>
  </li>
  <li>
    <a href="https://metacpan.org/module/indirect/requires">Reverse dependencies</a>
  </li>
  <li>
    <a href="http://deps.cpantesters.org/?module=indirect">CPAN Testers List</a>
  </li>
  <li>
    <a href="https://cpandeps.grinnz.com/?dist=indirect">Dependency graph</a>
  </li>
</ul>
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  <span>
    <a data-keyboard-shortcut="g a" rel="author" href="https://metacpan.org/author/VPIT" class="author-name">Vincent Pit</a>
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>0.38
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>0.37
  (VPIT on 2016-07-12)</option>
<option
  
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>0.36
  (VPIT on 2015-07-17)</option>
<option
  
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>0.35
  (VPIT on 2015-04-06)</option>
<option
  
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>0.34
  (VPIT on 2015-04-02)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.33"
>0.33
  (VPIT on 2014-09-29)</option>
<option
  
  value="VPIT/indirect-0.32"
>0.32
  (VPIT on 2014-09-21)</option>
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  (VPIT on 2013-09-05)</option>
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>0.30
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>0.29
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>0.28
  (VPIT on 2013-02-26)</option>
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>0.27
  (VPIT on 2013-01-30)</option>
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  value="VPIT/indirect-0.26"
>0.26
  (VPIT on 2011-10-23)</option>
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>0.25
  (VPIT on 2011-08-24)</option>
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>0.24
  (VPIT on 2011-07-17)</option>
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>0.23
  (VPIT on 2010-10-03)</option>
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>0.22
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>0.20
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>0.19
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>0.18
  (VPIT on 2009-08-23)</option>
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>0.17
  (VPIT on 2009-07-16)</option>
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>0.16
  (VPIT on 2009-07-14)</option>
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>0.15
  (VPIT on 2009-07-08)</option>
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>0.14
  (VPIT on 2009-06-04)</option>
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>0.13
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>0.12
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>0.11
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>0.07_02 DEV
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>0.07_01 DEV
  (VPIT on 2008-10-15)</option>
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>0.06
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>0.05
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>0.04
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>0.03
  (VPIT on 2008-08-12)</option>
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  (VPIT on 2008-08-10)</option>
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    <a data-keyboard-shortcut="g d" class="release-name" href="https://metacpan.org/dist/indirect">indirect-0.39</a>
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<nav class="toc">
  <div class="toc-header"><strong>Contents</strong></div>
<ul>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#NAME">NAME</a></li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#VERSION">VERSION</a></li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#METHODS">METHODS</a>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="indirect.html#unimport">unimport</a></li>
      <li><a href="indirect.html#import">import</a></li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#FUNCTIONS">FUNCTIONS</a>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="indirect.html#msg">msg</a></li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#CONSTANTS">CONSTANTS</a>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="indirect.html#I_THREADSAFE">I_THREADSAFE</a></li>
      <li><a href="indirect.html#I_FORKSAFE">I_FORKSAFE</a></li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#DIAGNOSTICS">DIAGNOSTICS</a>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="indirect.html#Indirect-call-of-method-%22%25s%22-on-object-%22%25s%22-at-%25s-line-%25d.">Indirect call of method &quot;%s&quot; on object &quot;%s&quot; at %s line %d.</a></li>
      <li><a href="indirect.html#Indirect-call-of-method-%22%25s%22-on-a-block-at-%25s-line-%25d.">Indirect call of method &quot;%s&quot; on a block at %s line %d.</a></li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#ENVIRONMENT">ENVIRONMENT</a>
    <ul>
      <li><a href="indirect.html#PERL_INDIRECT_PM_DISABLE">PERL_INDIRECT_PM_DISABLE</a></li>
    </ul>
  </li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#CAVEATS">CAVEATS</a></li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#REFERENCES">REFERENCES</a></li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#DEPENDENCIES">DEPENDENCIES</a></li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#AUTHOR">AUTHOR</a></li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#BUGS">BUGS</a></li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#SUPPORT">SUPPORT</a></li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS">ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS</a></li>
  <li><a href="indirect.html#COPYRIGHT-&amp;-LICENSE">COPYRIGHT &amp; LICENSE</a></li>
</ul></nav>
<div class="pod anchors">
<h1 id="NAME">NAME</h1>

<p>indirect - Lexically warn about using the indirect method call syntax.</p>

<h1 id="VERSION">VERSION</h1>

<p>Version 0.39</p>

<h1 id="SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</h1>

<p>In a script :</p>

<pre><code>    no indirect;               # lexically enables the pragma
    my $x = new Apple 1, 2, 3; # warns
    {
     use indirect;     # lexically disables the pragma
     my $y = new Pear; # legit, does not warn
     {
      # lexically specify an hook called for each indirect construct
      no indirect hook =&gt; sub {
       die &quot;You really wanted $_[0]\-&gt;$_[1] at $_[2]:$_[3]&quot;
      };
      my $z = new Pineapple &#39;fresh&#39;; # croaks &#39;You really wanted...&#39;
     }
    }
    try { ... }; # warns if try() hasn&#39;t been declared in this package

    no indirect &#39;fatal&#39;;     # or &#39;:fatal&#39;, &#39;FATAL&#39;, &#39;:Fatal&#39; ...
    if (defied $foo) { ... } # croaks, note the typo</code></pre>

<p>Global uses :</p>

<pre><code>    # Globally enable the pragma from the command-line
    perl -M-indirect=global -e &#39;my $x = new Banana;&#39; # warns

    # Globally enforce the pragma each time perl is executed
    export PERL5OPT=&quot;-M-indirect=global,fatal&quot;
    perl -e &#39;my $y = new Coconut;&#39; # croaks</code></pre>

<h1 id="DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</h1>

<p>When enabled, this pragma warns about indirect method calls that are present in your code.</p>

<p>The indirect syntax is now considered harmful, since its parsing has many quirks and its use is error prone : when the subroutine <code>foo</code> has not been declared in the current package, <code>foo $x</code> actually compiles to <code>$x-&gt;foo</code>, and <code>foo { key =&gt; 1 }</code> to <code>&#39;key&#39;-&gt;foo(1)</code>. Please refer to the <a href="indirect.html#REFERENCES">&quot;REFERENCES&quot;</a> section for a more complete list of reasons for avoiding this construct.</p>

<p>This pragma currently does not warn for core functions (<code>print</code>, <code>say</code>, <code>exec</code> or <code>system</code>). This may change in the future, or may be added as optional features that would be enabled by passing options to <code>unimport</code>.</p>

<p>This module is <b>not</b> a source filter.</p>

<h1 id="METHODS">METHODS</h1>

<h2 id="unimport"><code>unimport</code></h2>

<pre><code>    no indirect;
    no indirect &#39;fatal&#39;;
    no indirect hook =&gt; sub { my ($obj, $name, $file, $line) = @_; ... };
    no indirect &#39;global&#39;;
    no indirect &#39;global, &#39;fatal&#39;;
    no indirect &#39;global&#39;, hook =&gt; sub { ... };</code></pre>

<p>Magically called when <code>no indirect @opts</code> is encountered. Turns the module on. The policy to apply depends on what is first found in <code>@opts</code> :</p>

<ul>

<li><p>If it is a string that matches <code>/^:?fatal$/i</code>, the compilation will croak when the first indirect method call is found.</p>

<p>This option is mutually exclusive with the <code>&#39;hook&#39;</code> option.</p>

</li>
<li><p>If the key/value pair <code>hook =&gt; $hook</code> comes first, <code>$hook</code> will be called for each error with a string representation of the object as <code>$_[0]</code>, the method name as <code>$_[1]</code>, the current file as <code>$_[2]</code> and the line number as <code>$_[3]</code>. If and only if the object is actually a block, <code>$_[0]</code> is assured to start by <code>&#39;{&#39;</code>.</p>

<p>This option is mutually exclusive with the <code>&#39;fatal&#39;</code> option.</p>

</li>
<li><p>If none of <code>fatal</code> and <code>hook</code> are specified, a warning will be emitted for each indirect method call.</p>

</li>
<li><p>If <code>@opts</code> contains a string that matches <code>/^:?global$/i</code>, the pragma will be globally enabled for <b>all</b> code compiled after the current <code>no indirect</code> statement, except for code that is in the lexical scope of <code>use indirect</code>. This option may come indifferently before or after the <code>fatal</code> or <code>hook</code> options, in the case they are also passed to <a href="indirect.html#unimport">&quot;unimport&quot;</a>.</p>

<p>The global policy applied is the one resulting of the <code>fatal</code> or <code>hook</code> options, thus defaults to a warning when none of those are specified :</p>

<pre><code>    no indirect &#39;global&#39;;                # warn for any indirect call
    no indirect qw&lt;global fatal&gt;;        # die on any indirect call
    no indirect &#39;global&#39;, hook =&gt; \&amp;hook # custom global action</code></pre>

<p>Note that if another policy is installed by a <code>no indirect</code> statement further in the code, it will overrule the global policy :</p>

<pre><code>    no indirect &#39;global&#39;;  # warn globally
    {
     no indirect &#39;fatal&#39;;  # throw exceptions for this lexical scope
     ...
     require Some::Module; # the global policy will apply for the
                           # compilation phase of this module
    }</code></pre>

</li>
</ul>

<h2 id="import"><code>import</code></h2>

<pre><code>    use indirect;</code></pre>

<p>Magically called at each <code>use indirect</code>. Turns the module off.</p>

<p>As explained in <a href="indirect.html#unimport">&quot;unimport&quot;</a>&#39;s description, an <code>use indirect</code> statement will lexically override a global policy previously installed by <code>no indirect &#39;global&#39;, ...</code> (if there&#39;s one).</p>

<h1 id="FUNCTIONS">FUNCTIONS</h1>

<h2 id="msg"><code>msg</code></h2>

<pre><code>    my $msg = msg($object, $method, $file, $line);</code></pre>

<p>Returns the default error message that <code>indirect</code> generates when an indirect method call is reported.</p>

<h1 id="CONSTANTS">CONSTANTS</h1>

<h2 id="I_THREADSAFE"><code>I_THREADSAFE</code></h2>

<p>True iff the module could have been built with thread-safety features enabled.</p>

<h2 id="I_FORKSAFE"><code>I_FORKSAFE</code></h2>

<p>True iff this module could have been built with fork-safety features enabled. This will always be true except on Windows where it&#39;s false for perl 5.10.0 and below .</p>

<h1 id="DIAGNOSTICS">DIAGNOSTICS</h1>

<h2 id="Indirect-call-of-method-&quot;%s&quot;-on-object-&quot;%s&quot;-at-%s-line-%d."><a id="Indirect"></a><a id="Indirect-call-of-method--s--on-object--s--at--s-line--d"></a><code>Indirect call of method &quot;%s&quot; on object &quot;%s&quot; at %s line %d.</code></h2>

<p>The default warning/exception message thrown when an indirect method call on an object is found.</p>

<h2 id="Indirect-call-of-method-&quot;%s&quot;-on-a-block-at-%s-line-%d."><a id="Indirect1"></a><a id="Indirect-call-of-method--s--on-a-block-at--s-line--d"></a><code>Indirect call of method &quot;%s&quot; on a block at %s line %d.</code></h2>

<p>The default warning/exception message thrown when an indirect method call on a block is found.</p>

<h1 id="ENVIRONMENT">ENVIRONMENT</h1>

<h2 id="PERL_INDIRECT_PM_DISABLE"><code>PERL_INDIRECT_PM_DISABLE</code></h2>

<p>If this environment variable is set to true when the pragma is used for the first time, the XS code won&#39;t be loaded and, although the <code>&#39;indirect&#39;</code> lexical hint will be set to true in the scope of use, the pragma itself won&#39;t do anything. In this case, the pragma will always be considered to be thread-safe, and as such <a href="indirect.html#I_THREADSAFE">&quot;I_THREADSAFE&quot;</a> will be true. This is useful for disabling <code>indirect</code> in production environments.</p>

<p>Note that clearing this variable after <code>indirect</code> was loaded has no effect. If you want to re-enable the pragma later, you also need to reload it by deleting the <code>&#39;indirect.pm&#39;</code> entry from <code>%INC</code>.</p>

<h1 id="CAVEATS">CAVEATS</h1>

<p>The implementation was tweaked to work around several limitations of vanilla <code>perl</code> pragmas : it&#39;s thread safe, and does not suffer from a <code>perl 5.8.x-5.10.0</code> bug that causes all pragmas to propagate into <code>require</code>d scopes.</p>

<p>Before <code>perl</code> 5.12, <code>meth $obj</code> (no semicolon) at the end of a file is not seen as an indirect method call, although it is as soon as there is another token before the end (as in <code>meth $obj;</code> or <code>meth $obj 1</code>). If you use <code>perl</code> 5.12 or greater, those constructs are correctly reported.</p>

<p>With 5.8 perls, the pragma does not propagate into <code>eval STRING</code>. This is due to a shortcoming in the way perl handles the hints hash, which is addressed in perl 5.10.</p>

<p>The search for indirect method calls happens before constant folding. Hence <code>my $x = new Class if 0</code> will be caught.</p>

<h1 id="REFERENCES">REFERENCES</h1>

<p>Numerous articles have been written about the quirks of the indirect object construct :</p>

<ul>

<li><p><a href="http://markmail.org/message/o7d5sxnydya7bwvv">http://markmail.org/message/o7d5sxnydya7bwvv</a> : <b>Far More Than Everything You&#39;ve Ever Wanted to Know about the Indirect Object syntax</b>, Tom Christiansen, 1998-01-28.</p>

<p>This historical post to the <code>perl5-porters</code> mailing list raised awareness about the perils of this syntax.</p>

</li>
<li><p><a href="http://www.shadowcat.co.uk/blog/matt-s-trout/indirect-but-still-fatal">http://www.shadowcat.co.uk/blog/matt-s-trout/indirect-but-still-fatal</a> : <b>Indirect but still fatal</b>, Matt S. Trout, 2009-07-29.</p>

<p>In this blog post, the author gives an example of an undesirable indirect method call on a block that causes a particularly bewildering error.</p>

</li>
</ul>

<h1 id="DEPENDENCIES">DEPENDENCIES</h1>

<p><a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/perl">perl</a> 5.8.1.</p>

<p>A C compiler. This module may happen to build with a C++ compiler as well, but don&#39;t rely on it, as no guarantee is made in this regard.</p>

<p><a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/Carp">Carp</a> (standard since perl 5), <a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/XSLoader">XSLoader</a> (since perl 5.6.0).</p>

<h1 id="AUTHOR">AUTHOR</h1>

<p>Vincent Pit <code>&lt;vpit@cpan.org&gt;</code>.</p>

<p>You can contact me by mail or on <code>irc.perl.org</code> (vincent).</p>

<h1 id="BUGS">BUGS</h1>

<p>Please report any bugs or feature requests to <code>bug-indirect at rt.cpan.org</code>, or through the web interface at <a href="http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=indirect">http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=indirect</a>. I will be notified, and then you&#39;ll automatically be notified of progress on your bug as I make changes.</p>

<h1 id="SUPPORT">SUPPORT</h1>

<p>You can find documentation for this module with the perldoc command.</p>

<pre><code>    perldoc indirect</code></pre>

<h1 id="ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS">ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS</h1>

<p>Bram, for motivation and advices.</p>

<p>Andrew Main and Florian Ragwitz, for testing on real-life code and reporting issues.</p>

<h1 id="COPYRIGHT-&amp;-LICENSE"><a id="COPYRIGHT"></a><a id="COPYRIGHT---LICENSE"></a>COPYRIGHT &amp; LICENSE</h1>

<p>Copyright 2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2019 Vincent Pit, all rights reserved.</p>

<p>This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.</p></div>

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        <p>To install indirect, copy and paste the appropriate command in to your terminal.</p>
        <p><a href="https://metacpan.org/dist/App-cpanminus/view/bin/cpanm">cpanm</a></p>
        <pre><code>cpanm indirect</code></pre>
        <p><a href="https://metacpan.org/pod/CPAN">CPAN shell</a></p>
        <pre><code>perl -MCPAN -e shell
install indirect</code></pre>
        <p>For more information on module installation, please visit <a href="https://www.cpan.org/modules/INSTALL.html">the detailed CPAN module installation guide</a>.</p>
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